they despised

⁺ D 4-0-3-0-8=15 Ex 22,27; Lv 19,14; 20,9(bis); Is 8,21

wrong 3 Mc 1,14; ill 4 Mc 12,14; fierce 3 Mc 1,16

ἄρχοντας τοῦ λαοῦ σου οὐ κακῶς ἐρεῖς you shall not curse the leaders of your people Ex 22,27; οὐ κακῶς ἐρεῖς κωφόν you shall not revile the deaf Lv 19,14; κακῶς ὀμόσαντες they swear falsely Wis 14,29; ὅτι κακῶς ἐφρόνησαν for they contemned, for they despised Wis 14,30; ἵνα μὴ ἀγνοοῦντες δι᾽ ὃ κακῶς πάσχουσιν ἀπόλωνται lest they should perish not knowing why they had suffered or had been afflicted Wis 18,19; ὅτι κακῶς ἐλάλησεν περὶ τὰ ἅγιά σου for they spoke blasphemously against your sanctuary 1 Mc 7,42; κακῶς ἐστιν ὑμῖν it is evil with you Jer 7,9; τὸ κακῶς ἔχον that which is sick, the sick (of sheep) Ez 34,4

Cf. WEVERS 1990 355(Ex 22,27)

⁺ V 145-397-153-171-188=1054 Gn 10,19(bis).30; 11,31; 12,5

to come, to go Gn 14,5; to come Eccl 1,4; to come, to arrive at [εἴς τι] Gn 10,19; id. [ἐπί τι] Gn 22,3; id. [πρός τι] Gn 34,20; id. [ἐπί τινα] (in hostile sense) 2 Chr 14,10; to go as far as [ἕως τινός] Dt 1,20; to visit [πρός τινα] Gn 24,30; id. [τινι] Zech 9,9; to come into [εἴς τι] Wis 8,20; to appear Dn^Th 7,13; to come (metaph.) Gn 18,21; to come to [+inf.] Gn 23,2; ἐρχόμενος coming, future Jer 29(47),4; τὰ ἐρχόμενα what is to come Est 8,12i; ἐλευστέος one must come 2 Mc 6,17

ἦλθεν ἡ πόλις εἰς συνοχήν the city was besieged Jer 52,5; ἦλθεν γὰρ Ισραηλ ὁδὸν Αθαριν Israel came by the way of Atharin Nm 21,1; ἕως ὅτου ἔλθωμεν εἰς μέσον αὐτῶν till we come in the midst of them Neh 4,5; ἔρχεται εἰς συνάντησίν σοι he comes to meet you Gn 32,7; εἰς βουλὴν αὐτῶν μὴ ἔλθοι ἡ ψυχή μου oh, my soul! do not come into their the counsel Gn 49,6; καὶ πᾶν, ὃ ἐὰν ἔλθῃ ἐν τῷ ἀριθμῷ and all that might be numbered Lv 27,32; ἦλθεν ἐπὶ τὴν καρδίαν σου τοῦ οἰκοδομῆσαι it came into your heart to build a house 1 Kgs 8,18

*Hos 10,10 ἦλθεν corr. ἦλθον I came-באתי for MT באותי in my desire; *Am 6,3 οἱ ἐρχόμενοι those arriving corr. οἱ εὐχόμενοι the ones praying?-המנדרים נדר? for MT המנדים נדה those excluding or supposing (the evil day) to be far away; *1 Chr 2,24 ἦλθε Χαλεβ Chaleb came-כלב בא for MT כלב/ב in Chaleb; *Ct 2,10 ἐλθέ come-ֵלְך הלך for MT ָלְך to you; *Neh 2,19 ἦλθον they come-יבאו בוא for MT יבזו

בזה they despised

see εἰμι (ἰέναι)

Cf. MURAOKA 1990b, 34-35; →NIDNTT; TWNT

(→ἀνἔρχομαι, ἀντιπαρἔρχομαι, ἀπ-, διἔρχομαι, διεξ-, εἰσἔρχομαι, ἐξἔρχομαι, ἐπἔρχομαι, ἐπανἔρχομαι, ἐπεις-, ἐπεξ-, κατ-, μετ-, παρἔρχομαι, περιἔρχομαι, προἔρχομαι, προσἔρχομαι, συνἔρχομαι, συνεις-, συνεξ-, ὑπἔρχομαι,,)

⁺ V 2-1-3-1-4=11 Lv 26,37; Dt 22,4; Jos 1,5; Is 58,7; Ez 7,19

A: to disregard [τινα] Lv 26,37; id. [τι] Ps 54(55),2; id. [ἀπό τινος] Is 58,7; id. [abs.] Ps 9,22(10,1); to neglect [τι] Sir 38,16; to despise, to disdain [τι] 4 Mc 9,6

P: to be despised Ez 7,19

ὑπερεωραμένη disdained, despised Na 3,11

*Lv 26,40 ὑπερεῖδόν με they disregarded me-עלם? for MT מעל they committed treachery against me, cpr. Nm 5,12, 31,16; *Nm 22,30 ὑπεριδοῦσα (I was) disregarding-סכל I was acting foolishly for MT הסכנתי סכן I was accustomed to

see ὑπερεῖδον

Cf. DORIVAL 1994 106.236; HARLÉ 1988 209.210; HELBING 1928, 190; SPICQ 1978a, 899-900; WALTERS

1973 262-264.301

καταγιγνώσκω, [dialect] Ion. and later [suff] καταγηρ-γῑνώσκω, [tense] fut.

A

- γνώσομαι Pl. Euthphr.2b

:—remark, observe, esp. something to one's prejudice, c. gen. pers.:

I generally, καταγνοὺς τοῦ γέροντος τοὺς τρόπους having observed his foibles, Ar.Eq.46; πολλήν γέ μου δυστυχίαν κατέγνωκας I have been very unfortunate by your way of it, Pl.Ap. 25a;

πολλὴν ἡμῶν ἐρημίαν Is.1.2

; οὐκ ἐπιτήδεα κατά τινος κ. having formed unfavourable prejudices against one, Hdt.6.97: c. inf., of an unfavourable judgement,

κ. ἑαυτοῦ μὴ περιέσεσθαι Th.3.45

, cf. 7.51;

αὐτὸς ἐμαυτοῦ κατέγνων μὴ ἂν καρτερῆσαι X.Cyr.6.1.36

, cf. Pl.Ti. 19d: folld. by

ὅτι, ὡς, ἐμοῦ κατέγνωκας ὅτι εἰμὶ ἥττων τῶν καλῶν Pl.Men. 76c

;

οὐκ ἂν καταγνοίην ὑμῶν οὐδενὸς ὡς.. ἀμελήσετε D.21.4

(but κατεγνωκότες ὅτι.. ἐφθείρομεν despising us because.. Th.6.34, cf. PMagd. 42.4 (iii B.C.), Jul.Or.3.108b): c. part.,

κ. τινὰ πράττοντα X.Oec.2.18

, cf. Cyr.8.4.9;

τὸ Χωρίον νοσερὸν <ὂν> καταγνόντες D.L.2.109

:—[voice] Pass., to be judged unfavourably, lightly esteemed,

παρολιγωρεῖσθαι καὶ καταγινώσκεσθαι Plb.5.27.6

; κατεγνωσμένος despised, Philostr.VS2.29.

II c. acc. criminis, lay as a charge against a person,

κ. ἑωυτῶν ἀνανδρείην Hp.

Aër.22;

κ. τινὸς μηδὲν ἀνόσιον Antipho 2.2.12

; δειλίαν, δωροδοκίαν κ. τινός, Lys.14.16, 21.21;

οὐδὲν ἀγεννὲς ὑμῶν καταγιγνώσκω D.21.152

;

ἑαυτῶν ἀδικίαν And.1.3

; πολλὴν μανίαν, μωρίαν, Isoc.4.133, 5.21;

σκληρότητα ἡμῶν καὶ ἀγροικίαν Pl.R. 607b

;

τοσαύτην ὑμῶν εὐήθειαν D.30.38

: with gen. understood, οὐ γὰρ ἐκεῖνό γε (sc. σοῦ)

καταγνώσομαι, ὡς.. Pl.Euthphr.2b

; later

κ. κατά τινος τὸν φόνον Porph.Abst.2.30

:—[voice] Pass., καταγνωσθεὶς δειλίαν being convicted of cowardice, D.H.11.22;

κ. ἐπὶ λογοκλοπίᾳ D.L.8.54

;

κατεγνωσμένος

self-condemned,

Ep.Gal.2.11

.

2 c. gen. criminis,

παρανόμων κ. τινός D.25.67

;

παρανοίας ὑμῶν αὐτῶν Id.Prooem.35

: c. acc. pers., κ. τινὰ φόνου pronounce a verdict of murder against.., Lex ap. Lys.1.30; μὴ καταγιγνώσκωμεν τὸ (fort. τοῦ)

μηδὲν εἰρηκέναι τὸν ἀποφηνάμενον Pl.Tht. 206e

.

3 c. inf., κ. σφῶν αὐτῶν, ἑαυτοῦ ἀδικεῖν, charge oneself with.., Lys.20.6, Aeschin.2.6, cf. D.21.175, 206;

κ. ὡς.. Isoc.9.78

:—so in [voice] Pass., καταγνωσθεὶς νεώτερα πρήσσειν being suspected of doing, Hdt.6.2; κ. αὐθέντης (sc. εἶναι) Antipho 3.3.11; to be detected,

ἔν τινι PFlor.175.16

(iii A.D.); also

κατέγνωσται μελίκρητον ὑπὸ τῶν ἀνθρώπων ὡς καταγυιοῖ τοὺς πίνοντας Hp.Acut.56

.

4 c. gen. pers. only, condemn,

τοῦ ἀνθρώπου Pl.Demod. 382e

.

III c. acc. poenae, give judgement or sentence against a person, κ. τινὸς θάνατον pass sentence of death on one, Th.6.60; Μηδισμοῦ κ. τινὸς θάνατον for Medism, Isoc.4.157;

κ. τινὸς φυγήν And.1.106

;

φυγὴν αὑτοῦ καταγνούς Lys.14.38

: c. inf.,

κ. αὐτοῦ ἀποτεῖσαι τὰ Χρήματα D.56.18

; later θάνατον, φυγὴν κ. κατά τινος, D.S.18.62, 19.51:—[voice] Pass.,

θάνατός τινος κατέγνωστο Antipho 5.70

, cf. Lys.13.39, Jusj. ap. D.24.149; later

καταγνωσθεὶς θανάτῳ Ael.VH12.49

: abs., κατεγνώσθησαν they were condemned, Th.4.74, cf. And.4.8;

τὸ ἀδίκημα κεκριμένον ἐστὶ καὶ κατεγνωσμένον Lycurg.52

.

2 decide a suit,

δίκην Ar.Eq. 1360

:— [voice] Pass., A.Eu. 573 codd.;

δίκη μὴ ὀρθῶς -γνωσθεῖσα Antipho 6.3

.

τελώνης, ου, ὁ (τέλος, ὠνέομαι or the related noun ὠνή ‘buying, purchasing’; Aristoph., Aeschin. et al.; ins, pap, ostraca) tax-collector, revenue officer (cp. τέλος 5; Goodsp., Probs. 28; on the semantic range of τελώνη s. New Docs 5, 103; cp. JVergote, Eos 48, ’56, 149–60, s. p. 149). The τελ. in the synoptics (the only part of our lit. where they are mentioned) are not the holders (Lat. publicani) of the ‘taxfarming’ contracts themselves, but subordinates (Lat. portitores) hired by them; the higher officials were usu. foreigners, but their underlings were, as a rule, taken fr. the native population. The prevailing system of tax collection afforded a collector many opportunities to exercise greed and unfairness. Hence tax collectors were particularly hated and despised as a class (s. these condemnatory judgments on the τελῶναι: Demochares [300 B.C.] 75 Fgm. 4 Jac. τελ. βάναυσος; Xeno Com. III 390 Kock πάντες τελῶναι ἅρπαγες; Herodas 6, 64; Diogenes, Ep. 36, 2; Lucian, Necyom. 11; Artem. 1, 23; 4, 42; 57; Heraclid. Crit., Reisebilder 7 p. 76, 6 Pfister; Ps.-Dicaearchus p. 143, 7 Fuhr.; Iambl. Erot. 34; Cicero, De Off. 1, 150; UPZ 113, 9; 16 [156 B.C.]; O. Wilck I 568f; PPrinc II, 20, 1ff [on this OReinmuth, ClPh 31, ’36, 146–62]; Philo, Spec. Leg. 2, 93ff. Rabbinic material in Schürer I 374–76; Billerb. I 377f, 498f). A strict Israelite was further offended by the fact that tax-collectors had to maintain continual contact w. non-Israelites in the course of their work; this rendered an Israelite tax-collector ceremonially unclean. The prevailing attitude is expressed in these combinations: τελῶναι καὶ ἁμαρτωλοί (s. ἁμαρτωλός bβ) Mt 9:10f; 11:19; Mk 2:15, 16ab (RPesch, BRigaux Festschr., ’70, 63–87; cp. Theophr., Characters 6, 47); Lk 5:30; 7:34; 15:1 (JJeremias, ZNW 30, ’31, 293–300). ὁ ἐθνικὸς καὶ ὁ τελώνης Mt 18:17. οἱ τελῶναι καὶ αἱ πόρναι 21:31f. As typically selfish 5:46.—Lk 3:12 (Sb 8072, 6 [II A.D.] a prefect reprimands τελ. who demand τὰ μὴ ὀφιλόμενα αὐτοῖς); 5:29; 7:29. A Pharisee and a tax-collector Lk 18:10f, 13. Μαθθαῖος ὁ τελώνης Mt 10:3 (Jos., Bell. 2, 287 Ἰωάννης ὁ τελώνης). τελ. ὀνόματι Λευί Lk 5:27 (cp. Λευί 4).—Schürer I 372–76; JMarquardt, Staatsverw. II² 1884, 261ff; 289ff; AJones, Studies in Rom. Gov’t. and Law, ’60, 101–14; JDonahue, CBQ 33, ’71, 39–61; EBadian, Publicans and Sinners ’72; WWalker, JBL 97, ’78, 221–38; FHerrenbrück, ZNW 72, ’81, 178–94, Jesus und die Zöllner ’90; DBraud, Gabinus, Caesar, and the ‘publicani’ of Judaea: Klio 65, ’83, 241–44; MGoodman, The Ruling Class of Judaea ’87. S. κῆνσος.—Kl. Pauly V 1551; BHHW III 2245f.—New Docs 5, 103, also 8, 47–56. DELG s.v. τέλο and ὀνέομαι. Frisk s.v. τέλο and ὦνο. M-M. EDNT. TW.